HIV早期检测的应用研究

A Study on Applications of the Early Detection of HIV

目的采用抗HIV-1p24单克隆抗体和多克隆抗体构建的间接ELISA试剂,检测HIV-1抗体阳性及其他样品,以探讨HIV早期检测的可行性。方法采用单克隆抗体固相、兔抗HIV-1p24抗体夹心,羊抗兔HRP结合物的间接ELISA法。结果显示试剂盒HIV-1p24抗原检出灵敏度为50pg/mL(基因工程抗原);特异性97.13%;HIV抗体阳性血样阳性率4.1%;抗体阴性的特殊人群血样阳性率5.2%;抗体不确定血样阳性率为16.3%,明显高于抗体阳性和阴性组血样。病毒培养1d,抗原效价1∶80,第3天可达1∶5360。结论该间接夹心HIV-1p24抗原检测试剂,可应用于HIV感染的辅助检测及病毒的基础研究,具有灵敏度高、特异性好的特点。

Objective To determine the samples which are HIV-1 Antibody positive and others by using the indirect Sandwich ELISA kit constructed by HIV-1 p24 monoclonal antibody and polyclonal antibody. Methods We used double antibody enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） to test different samples. Results Sensitivity and specificity of the kit were 50pg/mL（recombinant antigen） and 97.13% respectively. Among the different samples 4.1% of anti-HIV positive,5.2% of high risk group populations and 16.3% of anti-HIV indeterminant samples were HIV-1 p24 positive.The detection of virus culture supernatant also showed the high sensitivity of the test kit. Conclusion The HIV-1 p24 test kit is useful for detection of HIV infection followed anti-HIV screening and for virological study.