中年人群高血压患病率及控制状况的演变趋势

Prevalence,Awareness,Treatment and Control of Hypertension in Middle-aged Chinese Population,1992-2004

背景高血压是心血管病的主要危险因素,了解和掌握高血压的流行及控制状况对心血管病防治意义重大。目的了解中年人群高血压患病率及控制状况的演变趋势。方法利用国家"八五"(1992—1994年)、"九五"(1998年)和"十五"(2004—2005年)期间年龄在35～59岁的12组可比人群资料进行分析。结果 2004—2005期间高血压标化患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别达到24.4%、48.4%、38.5%和9.5%,与其他两个时期比较均有明显增加(P<0.05)。在接受治疗的高血压患者中,不同时期的控制率分别为12.2%、19.2%、24.0%。无论患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率,性别之间、不同体质量指数之间、城乡之间都存在差异。乡村控制率的增长高于城市(14.6%对11.7%)。结论高血压的患病率仍在不断攀升,尽管控制率有所增加,但仍处于低水平。进一步提高人群的控制率仍是当务之急。

Background Hypertension（HT） is the leading risk factor of cardiovascular disease （CVD） in China. Detection of HT and blood pressure control are very important for CVD prevention. Objective To analyze the trends in prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of HT in middle-aged Chinese population. Methods Data from three cross-sectional surveys on risk factors of cardiovascular disease, which were conducted in 1992--1994, 1998 and 2004--2005, were used to analyze the trends. Results Prevalence, awareness rate, treatment rate and control rate of hypertension were 24.4%, 48.4%, 38.5% and 9.5% in 2004--2005, respectively, which were significantly different compared with that in 1992--1994 and 1998 （P〈0.05）. For treated hypertensives patients, the rate of control increased from 12.2%in 1992--1994, to 19.2% in 1998, and to 24.0% in 2004 （P〈0. 05）. The rates of awareness, treatment and control were higher in women and in urban areas. Increase in control rate was greater in rural than that in urban （14.6% vs 11.7%）. Conclusion Hypertension prevalence is increasing in China. Despite improving control rates still remain low.