唐代罚俸制度论略

On the Suspense of Salary in Tang Dynasty

罚俸的出现及其兴盛有着极为复杂的历史背景,有法制上的原因,但更是社会变迁在法律制度中的反映,是唐宋之际社会和制度变革中的一环。罚俸一般都遵循了唐律按四等官节级科罚的原则。罚俸的命令要由首脑机构中书门下直接下达,由负责检查和弹劾的御史台具体执行,还需户部金部司的协助。所罚俸禄交尚书都省收贮,尚书都省每到年底都需将一年之内的罚没总数奏报皇帝。

The emergence and popularity of suspense of salary had more complex social and historical background. It was also the reflection of the social changes in the legal systems. It was also one link of the changes in the Tang and Song Dynasties. Suspense of salary was applied according to the four grades of the officials regulated by the Tang law. The order of suspense of salary was issued by the summit agency Zhongshumenxia and was executed by Yushitai, with the help of Jinbusi. The sum of money should be handed over to the Shangshudusheng, and Shangshudusheng should report the total sum of one year＇s suspense of salary to the emperor.