论马克思政治解放视域中的“宗教问题”——马克思《论犹太人问题》的解读

On the Religious Issue of Marx's Thought about Political Liberation——The Interpretation of Marx's On Jewish Question

马克思的《论犹太人问题》,将人的"解放"过程划分为"政治解放"和"人类解放"两个不同阶段的同时,比较系统地对"政治解放"所涉及的宗教问题进行了深入阐述。马克思指出,犹太人的解放并不是简单的从宗教中解放出来,最根本的还是要进行"政治解放",从而彻底颠覆了鲍威尔等人将"政治解放"与"宗教解放"混为一谈的谬论。通过分析马克思与鲍威尔关于此问题的论战,结合政教分离这一历史现象,试图更好地把握与解读马克思政治解放视域中的宗教问题。

Marx＇s On Jewish Question, written in the fall of 1843, has divided the process of ＂liberation＂ into ＂political liberation＂ and ＂human liberation＂, and at the same time elaborated deeply the religious issues relating to ＂political liberation＂ in a systematic way. Marx said that the Jews＇ liberation was not referring to liberation from religion but referring to ＂political liberation＂ basically, which is against the Powell＇s fallacy confusing ＂political liberation＂ with ＂religious libera- tion＂. On the basis of analyzing the debate about the Jews between Marx and Powell, combining with the historical phenomena of secularism, this paper is intended to understand and interpret the religious issues in the visual threshold of Marx＇s political liberation.