从文学批评角度看泰纳《艺术哲学》中的文学思想

On the Literary Thoughts in Hippolyte Taine's Philosophy of Art in Terms of Literary Criticism

在《艺术哲学》一书中,泰纳提出了"种族、环境、时代"三要素这一现已广为人知的艺术理论。但除此之外,这本书中针对文学问题的看法还有许多,这些方面同样值得讨论。如他关于文学艺术要表现事物的主要特征的论述,对文学问题所作的历史性思考,对文学价值判断的界定,以及他所宣称的艺术领域里的科学研究方法,这些都是应该重新审视的地方。

In his Philosophy ofArt,Hippolyte Taine presents a three-pronged approach to the study of a work of art,i.e. race, milieu, and moment, which has become universally acknowledged. But apart from this, there are many other perspectives about literary issues in this book that require our attention,such as his argument that literature and art should represent the main features of the target represented in the work,his thinking on literature issues from historical perspective,his def＇mation on judgement of literature, and the scientific research methods in the realm of art. These important propositions deserve a due discussion.