CFCs环境示踪技术的研究进展及发展趋势

Research Advance and Development Trend of CFCs Environmental Tracer Technique

CFCs环境示踪技术是一种近三十年来新发展起来的用于研究年轻地下水的示踪技术。欧美等发达国家对该技术的应用已趋于成熟,而中国等发展中国家对该技术的应用还处于初步发展阶段。目前,该技术已成为我国在确定地下水年龄、揭示浅层地下水和深层地下水之间的水力联系、评估地下水与地表水之间的水力联系、确定地下水各种来源水的混合比例、示踪地下水的污染状况以及推断地下水的更新速率并评估地下水的防污性能等地下水循环演化的各个方面的研究的重要手段之一。虽然CFCs环境示踪技术还存在一些问题,但相比SF6、3H/3He等其它环境示踪技术,它具有其它环境示踪技术所无法比拟的优点。特别是在已经做过历年大气CFCs浓度监测等相关研究的地区,CFCs环境示踪技术具有非常广阔的应用前景。

Chlorofluorocarbons environmental tracer technique has been a tracer technique used to study the young groundwater since the 1970s. The application of the technique is maturity in the developed countries of Europe and America, but the application is in the primary stage in the developing countries including China. At present the chlorofluorocarbons environmental tracer technique has been an important means for the aspects such as the groundwater circulation and evolution research, confirming groundwater age, revealing the hydraulic connection between shallow groundwater and deep groundwater, evaluating the hydraulic connection between groundwater and surface water, ascertaining the hybrid scale of all kind sources of groundwater, tracing groundwater pollution, concluding the groundwater renewal velocity and appraising groundwater vulnerability in our country. Although the technique still has some limits compared to other environmental tracer techniques of SF6 and ^3H/^3He, it has some merits which other environmental tracer techniques are not with. Especially, the said technique has the wide application foreground in the area where has already been monitored for the atmospheric chlorofluorocarbons concentration in past years.