地震创伤患者感染流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis on infections in patients with earthquake injury

目的探讨地震创伤患者感染的特征及其影响因素。方法对某院2008年5月16日—8月20日收治的140例地震伤员相关感染情况进行前瞻性调查分析。结果140例地震伤员感染的发生率为40.71%(57/140),其中医院感染发生率为28.57%(40/140)。分离到的88株感染病原菌中,以革兰阴性菌为主(占57.09%);从伤口分离出5株厌氧菌。创伤AIS-ISS分值与感染有密切关系,ISS分值越高,感染率也越高(χ2=13.12,P<0.05)。结论感染是地震创伤后的常见并发症,认真对伤员进行地震伤情分值计算以预测医院感染的发生,采取积极有效的预防和干预措施控制创伤感染非常必要。

Objective To study the characteristics and risk factors of infections in patients with earthquake injury. Methods Infections from 140 patients who were injured in Wenchuan earthquake and admitted in a hospital from May 16 to August 20, 2008 were analyzed by prospective study. Results The infection rate of 140 patients was 40. 71% （57/140） and nosocomial infection rate was 28. 57% （40/140） in patients with earthquake injury. Gramnegative bacilli were the main pathogens among 88 strains of pathogens in infection, which accounting for 57. 09~ ; 5 strains of anaerobic bacteria were isolated from wound. Infection had a significant correlation with AIS-ISS score, the higher AIS-ISS score was, the higher rates of infections were. Conclusion Infection is a common complication of earthquake injury, it is necessary to analyze AIS-ISS score for predicting the occurrence of nosocomial infection, and take effective measures to prevent and control traumatic infection.