跨国公司研发方式的演变与中国企业的承接对策研究

Study on the Evolution of TNCs' R&D Method and the Taking on Countermeasures of Chinese Enterprises

跨国公司研发方式的演变经历了母公司控制、全球化研发和研发外包三个阶段,由于先进技术的复杂性与默示性,研发是最少外移的,传统上认为研发活动由母公司来控制;然而,近年来,跨国公司研发外包正在成为跨国公司新的研发方式,因为研发外包能够分担风险、节约成本,降低研发活动复杂性和缩短研发周期,并能够给东道国带来诸多积极效应。与此同时,研发外包越来越成为开放式创新实施的一个有效途径,通过研发外包,实现企业内部和外部创新思想的有机结合。由于研发外包难以获得最核心的技术,因此,承接研发外包与自主创新相结合,才是中国企业技术进步的路径选择。

The evolution of R＆D methods of multinational companies has experienced the parent company control stage, globalization research and development stage and R＆D outsourcing stage, because of the complexity and implicit of the advanced technology, R＆D is the least relocation, it is traditionally regarded that R＆D activities are controlled by parent company; however, in recent years Outsourcing of R＆D by multinational companies are becoming new research and development mode of multinational companies, because R＆D outsourcing can be risk-sharing, cost savings, reduce the complexity of the R＆D activities and shorten the R＆D cycle, it can also bring many positive effects to the host country. Meanwhile, R＆D outsourcing has increasingly become an effective way for the implementation of the open innovation, through R＆D outsourcing, to achieve organic combination of the interior and exterior enterprise innovation ideas .Since it is difficuh for R＆D outsourcing to obtain the most core technology, so it is the chosen path for china＇ enterprise to integrate the undertaking of R＆D and independent innovation in order to obtain technological progress.