黄河三角洲植物群落分布格局及其影响因素

Distribution patterns of plant communities in the Yellow River Delta and related affecting factors

利用双向指示种分析和去趋势典范对应分析的方法,对典型河口滨海湿地黄河三角洲植物群落类型和结构进行了分析,并探讨了植物群落分布格局及其影响因素。结果表明:134个样方可划分为7个群系,即刺槐群落(Form.Robinia pseucdoacacia)、荻群落(Form.Miscanthus saccharifleus)、翅碱蓬群落(Form.Suaeda heteroptera)、獐毛群落(Form.Aeluropus sinensis)、芦苇群落(Form.Phragmites communis)、柽柳群落(Form.Tamarixchinensis)和白茅群落(Form.Imperata cylindrica)。群落类型的划分主要反映了微地貌所决定的地下水埋深及土壤盐分含量的变化。在影响植物群落分布格局的因素中,环境因子解释的部分占45.2%,空间因子解释的部分占11.8%,空间因子和环境因子交互作用解释的部分占2.23%,空间因子和环境因子未能解释的部分占40.8%,这部分主要反映了群落自身互作及人类活动对群落的影响。

By using Two-Way Indicator Species Analysis （TWINSPAN） and Detrending Canonical Correspondence Analysis （DCCA）, the type and structure of the plant communities in the Yellow River Delta were analyzed, with the distribution pattern of the communities and related affecting factors approached. The vegetations on 134 sampling plots were classified into 7 communities. Robinia pseucdoacacia, Imperata cylindrical, and Miscanthus saccharifleus communities were distributed on the areas with good soil nutrient condition and high ground water depth, Suaeda heteroptera and Aeluropus sinensis communities were on the areas with high soil salt content but low organic matter and total nitrogen contents and low ground water depth, Phragmites communis community was widely scattered on low-land areas, and Tamarix chinensis community occurred on the areas with high soil salt content and low ground water depth. The classification of the community types mainly reflected the variations of soil salt content and ground water depth, which were decided by microtopography. Among the factors affecting the distribution patterns of the plant communities, environmental factor accounted for 45.2% of the variation, spatial factor accounted for 11.8%, interactions between environmental and spatial factors accounted for 2.23 %, and the undetermined factors due to biological and anthropogenie factors accounted for 40.8%.