秦岭南坡两个大熊猫活动密集区的生境特征及大熊猫对生境的选择

Habitat feature of giant pandas’ high-frequency activity areas on southern slope of the Qinling Mountains and habitat selection of giant panda

对秦岭佛坪和长青2个保护区的大熊猫活动密集区的系列生境因子(包括海拔、坡度、坡向、水系密度、生境类型、竹子种类)进行了研究,并分析了其与大熊猫痕迹点的关系。结果表明:佛坪和长青保护区的生境特征既有相似性又有差异性,故2个保护区的大熊猫对生境的选择也呈相似性和差异性;在长青和佛坪保护区各存在1个大熊猫活动密集区,其具有明显的宏观生境特征;大熊猫活动密集区的生境资源可获得性和大熊猫对生境因子的适应选择对应关系明显;秦岭南坡大熊猫选择的生境特征主要是:海拔1200～2600m,坡度20°～40°,水系密度为2～3条.km-2,针阔叶混交林,巴山木竹和秦岭箭竹的分布区。

In this paper, a series of habitat factors （ including elevation, slope, aspect, stream density, habitat types, and bamboo species） in the giant pandas＇ high-frequency activity areas of Foping and Changqing ature eserves in the Qinling Mountains were investigated, and the relations of these factors with the locations of giant pandas＇ activity were analyzed. The research aimed to explore the preferred habitat features for giant pandas and to provide scientific supports for finding their possible potential habitats. The results showed that the habitat features of the two reserves had both similarity and difference. There existed a high-frequency activity area of giant pandas in each of the reserves, which showed macro-habitat characteristics. In the high-frequency activity areas, the habitat selection of giant pandas matched well with the habitat availability. The selected habitats by giant pandas had an elevation of 1200-2600 m, a slope of 20-40 degrees stream density of 2-3 per square kilometer, a vegetation of mixed coniferous and broadleaf forests, and a distribution of bamboo species Bashania fargesii and Fargesia qinlingensis.