基于野牛生境选择的生物多样性保护廊道设计：来自西双版纳的案例

Biodiversity conservation corridor design based on habitat selection of gaur (Bos gaurus):A case study from Xishuangbanna,China

景观破碎化阻碍了物种在生境斑块间的扩散,阻断了物种的基因交流,增加了物种局部灭绝的风险,是生物多样性丧失的主要原因之一。通过建立生物多样性保护廊道,将分离的自然保护区连接起来,形成一个自然保护区网络,有利于提高生物抵抗局部干扰的能力。同时,也为生物多样性的长期保存提供了重要保障。本文结合亚洲发展银行大湄公河次区域(Greater Mekong Subregion)生物多样性保护行动计划的实施,在西双版纳州境内,以野牛(Bosgaurus)为对象,在2个自然保护区之间进行生物多样性保护廊道的设计,对生物多样性保护廊道的设计方法进行了一些有益的探讨。

Landscape fragmentation is one of the major causes of biodiversity loss, which can impede the mobility and gene exchange of organisms, and thus, lead to the possible loss of certain species. Biodiversity conservation corridor is recognized as a physical network to connect isolated nature reserves. Aimed to assist the setting-up of biodiversity conservation corridors in the Greater Mekong Sub-region （GMS）, an approach to design a corridor between two national nature reserves in Xishuangbanna for the conservation of gaur （Bos gaurus） was explored. According to the acquired information on the land use and the passages of gaur during field survey, and based on the recent satellite images and digital elevation model （ DEM）, the habitat feature preferred by gaur was analyzed in terms of forest type and its distribution as well as the topographic factors including altitude and slope, and a suitable corridor scenario was proposed. Some suggestions for the management of proposed corridor were also put forward.