高岭土对不饱和聚酯树脂的热稳定性、阻燃及力学性能的影响

Effect of Kaolinite on Thermal Stability,Flame Retardant and Mechanical Properties of Unsaturated Polyester Resin

利用原位聚合法制备了不饱和聚酯树脂/高岭土纳米复合材料,并用XRD、FTIR等测试技术对材料结构进行了表征。研究了纳米复合材料的热稳定性、阻燃和力学性能,探讨了高岭土对不饱和聚酯树脂成炭和阻燃的影响。结果表明,高岭土的层状结构可能在不饱和聚酯树脂聚合过程中被剥离。高岭土使不饱和聚酯树脂的热分解速率变缓,失重率降低;添加少量阻燃剂的复合材料在10 s不能点燃,燃烧时不滴落,没有浓烟,火焰扩展长度小于5 mm,结合SEM结果说明材料在燃烧过程中,高岭土片层迁移到材料的表面,并在燃烧区域形成的炭层中自动排列形成含高岭土片层的致密坚硬的焦炭保护层,起到良好的绝缘体和传质屏障作用。

Unsaturated polyester resin （UPR） /kaolinite intercalation nanocomposites were prepared by in situ polymerization through UP replacing DMSO in kaolinite/DMSO intercalation usher, which was prepared by sonochemistry technique. The structure of the nanocomposites was characterized by XRD and FTIR. The thermal stability, flame retardant and mechanical properties were also studied. The results show that the layered structure of kaolinite was exfoliated during the formation of unsaturated polyester. The decomposition and mass loss rate decreased by adding kaolinite. After adding a small amount of flame retardant, the nanocomposites are self-extinguished once being taken away from the fire, have no droping and heavy smoke while combusting, and the flame extended length is less than 5 mm. The mechanical properties of the nanocomposites have been improved compared with that of pure UP. All these results are from the kaolinite layers migrating to the surface of materials, which forms compact and hard char protection layer when combusting.