九州与畿服之制起源新研

Latest Study on the Origin of Jiuzhou and Jifu System

"州"作为最原始的区域概念的发生,与禹对远近部落征服,领土范围逐渐扩大,疆界概念从模糊到逐步明确有着极为密切的关系。先秦文献中的九州观念包含有大量后人增饰和附会的内容,并非可靠的信史。虞夏之际,在军事征服的基础上,原有的部落联盟内部的平等因素不断发生蜕变,带有强制性和非对等特点的原始从属关系,正是先秦文献中所载畿服之制的历史源头。

The origin of the concept of ＂Zhou＂ was closely related to Yu＇s conquering tribes around, opening up territories, and forming the concept of the territory boundary. The Jiuzhou concept contained a lot of facts added up by the people later, which was not trustworthy absolutely. On this base, relations among the clans in the nine divisions of China continued to be regulated and improved. Under a new hierarchical order, the primitive relationship of subordination had the peremptory and asymmetrical characteristics. This very kind of relationship was the historical sources of the appointed enlistment systems （ Wai Fu Zhi and Ji Fu Zhi） of the Shang Dynasty, which were recorded in the literature of the pre- Qin days.