儿童异化身份的认同——解析《通向蜘蛛巢的小路》的深层意蕴

From the Dilemma of Alienation to the Country of "Harmony"——Decoding the Path to the Nest of Spiders of philosophic message

卡尔维诺的小说《通向蜘蛛巢的小路》,以双重视角揭示战争给人类所造成的"异化":一方面展现战争所导致的儿童的"非儿童化"现象,另一方面暴露战争对成年人的摧残,战争给他们带来的"变异"。"通向蜘蛛巢的小路"代表了被"非儿童化"的儿童仅存的纯洁、真挚的童心,代表着人类"原生态"、"原心态",象征着被战争所"异化"了的人得以回归、得以解救的途径。人类只有放弃人类社会所谓"文明"的异化产物,回归到人类童年时代的那份童贞,才能摆脱异化的困境,最终踏上一个平静与"和谐"的理想国度。

The text discovers that war has led to the ＂alienation＂ of the mankind in the novel of Italo Calvino the Path to the Nest of Spiders.The novel mainly reveals from dual perspectives：on the other hand,exposing that the war has led to the＂the non-child turn＂phenomenon of children,on the other hand,revealing that war trampled upon adults,the war brought ＂variation＂to them. Through these two aspect problems open dug out,this text discovers the work contains abundant philosophic thinking： the Path to the Nest of Spiders represents the child,who have been of ＂the non-child＂,only have clean and pure soul of the earnestness,represent mankind＇so ＂riginal ecosystem＂,＂original mindset＂,symbolize the path that the human,who have been drived to ＂alienation＂by war,can return to ego and can give relief to hinself.As long as giving up the alienation-the called ＂civilization＂by Mankind＇s society,man can return to the virginity of the Human Primeval Times, the mankind could get rid of the Predicament of alienation,finally step on the ideal country of an equanimity and＂harmony＂.