我国在国际贸易中表现出“环境相对比较优势”吗?——兼与王奇老师商榷

Does China Show Environmental Relative Comparative Advantage in International Trade?——Discuss with Dr.Wang Qi

我国在国际贸易和国际分工中是否表现出"环境相对比较优势"?本文通过考察进出口产品结构变化和我国吸引的外国直接投资的行业结构变化趋势对这一问题进行了实证分析,结果发现我国进出口产品结构没有向污染密集型产品转变,外商投资的行业结构也没有偏向污染密集型产业。虽然我国目前经济增长的自然资源和环境成本较大,但这主要是国内资源使用效率低下和国内消费升级、产业结构转变造成的。实际上,参与国际贸易和国际分工使我国的经济结构向更清洁的方向转变,有利于减轻我国经济增长中的环境压力。因此,本文认为虽然目前我国的环境规制水平较一些发达国家低,但这并不等同于我国经济具有或表现出了"环境相对比较优势",所谓的"环境相对比较优势"在实际上是不存在的。

Does China show ＂environmental relative comparative advantage＂ in international trade and international work division？ This paper analyze the structure change of import-export product and foreign indirect invest （FDI） industry in China through empirical analysis. As result, the paper finds that the import-export structure does not change to pollution intensity industry and FDI industry structure does not change to pollution intensity industry either. The paper finds that low resource efficient, upgrade of civil consumption and industry structure are the main reasons for China＇s huge natural resource and environmental cost along with economic growth. In fact, participating in international trade and international work division is making cleaner economic structure, which help to reduce environmental pressure. Therefore, the paper considers that existing looser environmental regulation does not equal to having or showing ＂environmental relative comparative advantage＂. The ＂environmental relative comparative advantage＂ does not exit in real economy.