稻蝗属部分种类染色体性状的支序系统学研究

A cladistics study on karyotype characters of some species of Genus Oxya Serv. (Orthoptera:Acridoidea)

运用支序系统学分析程序Ｈｅｎｎｉｇ８６Ｖ１．５对我国分布的稻蝗属（ＯｘｙａＳｅｒｖ．）的部分种类的染色体性状进行了分析．通过计算不同染色体相对长度的方差和各种染色体异染色质的相对含量，确定各染色体相对长度相等，不含异染色质的种类为假想的最原始种类，从而确定性状的极性和状态．结果表明，在研究的７种蝗虫中，中华稻蝗（Ｏｘｙａｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ）最原始，上海稻蝗（Ｏｘｙａｓｈａｎｇｈａｉｅｎｓｉｓ）和无齿稻蝗（Ｏｘｙａａｄｅｎｔａｔａ）的相似程度最大，黄股稻蝗（Ｏ．ｆｌａｖｅｖｅｍｕｒａ）、双带稻蝗（Ｏ．ｂｉｃｉｎ－ｇｕｌａ）和小稻蝗（Ｏ．ｉｎｔｒｉｃａｔａ）相似，山稻蝗（Ｏ．ａｇａｖｉｓａ）最进化，这与形态学的分类结果相似．

With the cladistics program Hennig86 V1.5, the karyotype Characters of some Chinese species of the Genus Oxya Serv. are studied. Following the genetic rules, by calculating the variance of the relative length of different species, and the heterochromatic amount, the promitive species are believed to have the equal relative length of chromsome and no heterochromatin. Based on this belief and following the method Yoon used to formulte “pseudochromocentre”, the character polarity and character state are decided. The results show that: in the 7 species studied, O. chinensis is the most primitve one; O. shanghaiensis is closely related with O. adentata; the relationship among O. flavefeumra,O.bicingula and O. intricata is shorter; O. agavisa is the most evoluted species, The result is similar to the morphological taxonomy conclusion.