等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定玉米和大豆根系伤流液中无机元素流量

Application of ICP-AES to Detection of Inorganic Elements in Roots Bleeding Sap from Maize and Soybean Plants

植物根系伤流液组分是根系活力和根冠关系的重要指标,应用高压硝化处理和ICP-AES法分别同时测定了玉米(品种3138)和大豆(品种鲁豆11)根系伤流液中18种无机元素流量。结果表明玉米和大豆根系伤流液中无机元素种类、流量及随生长发育期变化均有差异。玉米根系伤流液中流量较大的为K,Ca,Mg,P,Na,Si,Zn,Mn,Fe等,范围为1～1 851.5μg.h-1.plant-1,B,Cu和Mo均低于1μg.h-1.plant-1,检测不到Co,Cd,Ba,Pb,Sr,As的存在。从拔节期到灌浆期,各无机元素流量有随生育期下降的趋势。大豆根系伤流液中流量较大的为Ca,Mg,K,P,Na,Zn,Mn,Fe,Cu等,范围为1～1 158μg.h-1.plant-1,B和Mo均低于1μg.h-1.plant-1,检测不到Si,Co,Cd,Ba,Pb,Sr,As的存在,各元素随大豆生长发育期呈现不同变化。

The constituents of the roots bleeding sap are an important index characteristic of roots activity and roots-shoots relationship.To compare the differences between the constituents of roots bleeding sap from maize and soybean plants,roots bleeding saps were collected from maize（Zea mays L.cultivar 3138） and soybean [Glycine max（L.） Merr.cultivar Ludou 11] plants at different growth and development stages under field condition,and the inorganic elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry（ICP-AES）.The results indicated that both the constituents of inorganic elements and flow intensities were various between roots bleeding saps from maize and soybean plants at different growth and development stages.The flux of inorganic elements in roots bleeding sap showed different trends with progress in plants growth and development.In the roots bleeding sap from maize,the predominant inorganic elements were K,Ca,Mg,P,Na,Si,Zn,Mn and Fe,with flux ranging from 1 to 1 851.5 μg·h-1·plant-1.The flux of B,Cu and Mo was relatively lower and less than 1 μg·h-1·plant-1,while none of the elements of Co,Cd,Ba,Pb,Sr and As could be detected,and was estimated to be lower than 0.01 μg·h-1·plant-1 based on the detection limit.The flow of most inorganic elements showed decreasing trends with plant development progressing from booting to grain filling stage.In the roots bleeding sap from soybean,Ca,Mg,K,P,Na,Zn,Mn,Fe and Cu were found as predominant inorganic constituents,ranging from 1 to 1 158 μg·h-1·plant-1.The flow of both B and Mo was found lower than 1 μg·h-1·plant-1,and none of Si,Co,Cd,Ba,Pb,Sr and As could be found.With the growth and development,different inorganic elements showed various changing pattern.