社会判断中样例激活效应的田野实验研究

A Field Experimental Study on the Effect of Exemplar Activation in Social Judgment

采用田野实验法,通过测量不同样例激活条件下4个班的学生对不同实习教师的评价,考察社会判断中样例激活效应的存在及产生效应的条件。实验结果表明:在社会判断中,样例激活效应是存在的,并且表现为内隐层面的同化效应。但产生效应需要一定的条件:首先,激活效应只在延时判断加工中表现明显,在即时判断中不明显;其次,在对靶子不太鲜明的表征进行判断时,样例激活效应显著,但对靶子固有的鲜明的表征判断时效应不显著。

The study employed the field experimental method to investigate the existing, condition of the exemplar-activation effect in social judgment. The results suggested that： The exemplar-activation effect existed in social judgment, and took the forms of implicit assimilation effect. And the effect needed some necessary conditions. First, the effect was significant under time-lapse judgment condition; but it wasn＇t significant under instant judgment condition. Secondly, the exemplar-activation effect was significant when judging the feint tokens of targets; but it was not significant when judging the vivid tokens of targets.