考虑流-固耦合的输水隧道动力模型试验中的一种相似技巧

A similarity technique for water-conveyance tunnel dynamic model test considering fluid-structure coupling

结构动力模型试验与动力模型破坏试验中,保持模型与原型相似的3种基本要求与处理技巧已在相关文献中提及。同时,也提及了对结构动力特性、弹性振动响应与破坏形态等试验目的不同,相似要求也有所差别,而这里将对地下软土中考虑流-固耦合的输水隧道的模型试验进行数值模拟研究。根据模型试验选料的经济实用性,提出了一种相似关系和技巧,并通过实例加以验证。数值模拟结果表明:在这种具体情况下,采用这种相似关系完全可以从模型试验的数据换算到原型,以便获得更多的有用信息,为今后地下输水工程模型试验的选材拓宽了思路,并提出了一些新的概念。

Three basic types of similarity relationship between the prototype and the model for dynamic structural model test and dynamic rupture model test are proposed in corresponding literatures. At the time the situation where various similarity relationships are applicable and the technique to ensure similarity for the different goals, to study dynamic behavior, elastic response and damage pattern, is discussed. The numerical simulation of model experiment of water-conveyance tunnel concerning fluid-structure interaction in soft soil is studied. Based on economic practicability of material selection for model test, the similarity relationship and the technique are proposed, which are validated through case study. The results of numerical simulation show that under the specific conditions, data of the model test can completely transfer to those of the prototype by using this type of similarity relationship, and getting more useful information. Some new ideas are introduced to keep the similarity of the hydraulic structures.