湘南传统聚落生态单元的构建经验探索

Study on Constructing Experience of Traditional Ecological Settlement Units in South of Hunan

当代工业的快速发展引发的人居环境问题已不容忽视。考察传统聚落的生态构建经验,可以继承和发扬丰富的聚居生态学思想的宝贵文化遗产。湘南传统聚落生态单元不仅建筑艺术出色,其生态构建经验也值得深入探究。本文对该地区的生态单元在民居功能空间、布局方式、采光方式、设置"风廊"等诱导式通风设计、不同功能的围护结构材质的选用、坡屋顶的防辐射隔热等方面的良好生态构建经验进行了讨论。可以看出,以生态的良性循环原则、利用自然可再生资源的高效原则和构建地域特色的本土化原则可以实现聚落生态单元的可持续发展。

The human environment problems caused by the rapid development of modern industry can not be ignored. Rich valuable cultural heritage of ecology thoughts may be inherited and developed by study on the traditional ecological settlement building experiences. For the traditional settlement units in south of Hunan, not only their outstanding architectural art, but also ecological construction experiences are worth to study. In this paper, the good experiences of ecological residential units in ecological construction measures were discussed, such as the folk house space, the layout way, the lighting way, the induced ventilation design as setting up ＂wind gallery＂, the selecting envelope material of the different functions, the insulation and radiation-proof of sloping roof and so on. It was concluded that the sustainable development of ecological residential units could be realized by some principles, such as a virtuous cycle of ecological principle, the efficient principle of natural renewable resources, the localization principle of constructing the region characteristics.