癫痫患者脑组织海马神经元的形态变化和神经元特异性烯醇化酶表达

Study on the pathological change and the expression of neuron specific enolase in the hippocampus dentate gyrus granular cell layer of epilepsy patients

目的观察癫痫患者脑组织中海马齿状回颗粒细胞层神经元的形态学变化和神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）在脑组织中的表达，探讨癫痫患者脑组织海马神经元的病理学改变与癫痫发病的关系。方法脑海马组织标本来自于癫痫手术切除病人（9例）和正常无精神与神经疾病的尸检者（20例）。HE染色，光镜下观察脑组织中海马区齿状回颗粒细胞层神经元形态学改变；免疫组织化学方法检测NSE表达，比较两组NSE阳性表达率。结果癫痫患者脑组织海马颗粒细胞层中均可见核固缩的神经元，约占全部神经元的15．80％，还可见到肿胀的神经元：NSE阳性表达的神经元呈棕黄色，在出现核固缩的神经元中，发生NSE阳性表达占28．66％；癫痫病人脑组织海马NSE阳性表达率为（7．9±5．6）％。对照组脑组织海马神经元形态正常，细胞核大而圆，位于胞体中央。核仁明显，NSE阳性表达率为（39．0±17．4）％。与对照组相比，癫痫患者含棕黄色颗粒的神经元数目减少，两组NSE阳性表达率比较，差异有统计学意义（t=-5．13，P〈0．01）。结论癫痫患者脑组织中海马神经元形态改变和NSE表达异常．可能是癫痫患者发病的主要因素之一。

Objective To find out pathological change and the expression of neuron specific enolase （NSE） in the hippocampus dentate gyms granular cell layer of epilepsy patients,to investigate the relationship between the pathological change and the cause of the epilepsy. Methods The specimens of hippocampus were from 9 epilepsy patients and 20 normal persons and the pathological change were investigated under the staining of the hematoxylin and eosin staining. The expression of NSE in the hippocampus dentate gyms granular cell layer of epilepsy patients was detected by immunohistochemistry（IHC） with specific antibody, and the rate of NSE positive neurons was evaluated. Results The nuclear pyknosis was observed in all of hippocampus from the epilepsy patients and some neurons were swelling. The positive of NSE was showed to have yellow granule; the rate of NSE positive was 28.66%. The expression of NSE of the neurons in the hippocampus dentate gyms granular cell layer was significantly reduced in epilepsy patients（7.9 ± 5.6）%. The normal neuron nuclear was big and round in the middle of the cell and the nucleolus could be seen easily. The expression of NSE of the neurons in the hippocampus dentate gyms granular cell layer was （39.0 ± 17.4）%. Compared with normal group, the number of neurons with yellow granule was reduced .The difference of the NSE expression rate between the two group was statistically significant （t = - 5.13, P 〈 0.01）. Conclusions The result suggests that the pathological abnormality and the reduced expression of NSE on the hippocampus dentate gyms granular cell layer neurons could be one of the main reasons of the occurring of epilepsy.