高分辨CT正常内耳解剖结构的测量研究

High resolution CT measurements of the normal inner ear

目的应用颞骨高分辨CT(HRCT)测量正常人耳蜗、前庭、内听道等结构,了解正常内耳的发育并探讨内耳各解剖结构CT测量正常值的临床应用价值。方法无内耳疾患的75例受试者按年龄分为3组,分别行HRCT扫描,原始图像经多平面重组(MPR),在设定层面上测量耳蜗高度、长度、底周螺旋管径、底周长度,前庭左右径、上下径,内听道口径、宽径、长径,水平半规管中心骨岛长径等;各测量指标进行年龄、性别、左右耳间比较。结果①HRCT可清晰显示正常内耳骨迷路结构和内听道结构;②内耳各结构正常值如下:耳蜗高度(3.47±0.41)mm,耳蜗长度(6.27±0.96)mm,耳蜗底周螺旋管径(1.66±0.26)mm,耳蜗底周长度(6.82±0.69)mm,前庭宽径(2.81±0.42)mm,前庭长径(5.76±0.44)mm,内听道口径(6.36±1.66)mm,内听道宽径(4.99±0.98)mm,水平半规管中央骨岛径(3.16±0.52)mm。内耳各结构测量值除内听道长径在年龄组间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)外,其他结构在年龄组间、性别间及左右耳间的差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。结论探讨了国人内耳各主要结构的HRCT测量正常值,为人工耳蜗等内耳手术提供更详尽的资料。

Objective To explore the clinical value of normal inner ear structures. Methods 75 recipients without inner ear abnormalities were divided into three groups based on age. All underwent HRCT, the images were transferred to an online workstation for analysis. All cochlear, vestibular, internal auditory cannel （IAC）, and the LSCC bony island width were determined. Results Structures of the inner ear and internal auditory cannel could be clearly visualized by HRCT. Excluding differences of IAC length in age, no age, side or race-related differences in other inner ear structures were found. The cochlea width and height were （6.27 ± 0.96）ram and （3.47 ± 0.41）mm, the basal rum of cochlea length and lumen diameter were （6.82 ± 0.69）mm and （1.66±0.26）mm, the vestibule width was （2.81 ± 0.42）mm, the vestibule height was （5.76± 0.44）mm, the apertue of the inner ear auditory meatus was （6.36 ± 1.66）mm, the width of the internal auditory meatus was （4.99 ± 0.98）mm and the LSCC bony island width was （3.16 ± 0.52）mm. Conclusion The HRCT measurement criterion of normal inner ear struetures was established.