胚胎干细胞研究临床应用性的挑战(英文)

Progress and challenge of embryonic stem cell Research in clinic

胚胎干细胞是存在于胚胎发育早期阶段,具有自我更新和多分化潜能的干细胞,是组成机体各种组织器官的起源细胞。在一定条件下,其在体外可以保持未分化状态,长期存活无限繁殖。有关胚胎干细胞在动物疾病模型中治疗作用的研究,尤其是在小鼠胚胎干细胞的研究,已趋于成熟。在此基础上,人们开始尝试将人类胚胎干细胞用于临床治疗各种疾病,探讨其可行性和安全性等问题。目前胚胎干细胞已经应用在治疗糖尿病、帕金森及心血管损伤等各种疾病中,虽然有很多技术问题和社会伦理问题需要解决与克服,相信随着胚胎干细胞定向分化机制的逐渐完善,优化培养体系的建立,致瘤性的解决,该细胞疗法作为一种新的治疗方式,将适用于临床使用。

Embryonic stem cell （ESC） is a kind of stem cell with self-renewal capability and developmental plutipotency, which is at the early stage of embryonic development, and it is the original cell of various kinds of tissue and organ. Under certain conditions, ESCs can maintain an undifferentiated state, long-term surviving and infinite breeding state in vitro. The research of therapeutic effect of ESCs in animal disease model, especially in mouse, has made great progress. On the basis of this research, researchers attempt to use ESCs for the clinical therapy of various diseases, and investigate the feasibility and security of this kind of therapy. Currently ESCs have been used in the therapy of diabetes mellitus, Parkinson＇s disease and cardiovascular injury. Even though many problems of technique and ethics should be done, we believe that ESC therapy will be a promising method and used in clinical practice if we make clear the mechanism of ESC directional differentiation, establish an optimal culture system, and solve the problem of oncogenicity.