陆面上总体输送系数研究进展

A Review of the Study of the Bulk Transfer Coefficients over the Land

从陆面上总体输送系数的研究历程、计算方法和时空变化特征以及与地面各要素之间的依赖关系等几个方面,对该领域的研究工作进行了回顾和总结。在此基础上,探讨了该领域研究中存在的几点科学问题:①需要解决非均匀下垫面地表参数的计算和观测以及发展适用于非均匀下垫面的相似性理论等难题;②对我国湿润地区地表总体输送系数的研究需要加强;③能否对非均匀复杂下垫面陆气相互作用过程进行全面的认识,地表参数由"点"到"面"的推广是关键也是难题。最后对利用卫星遥感结合地面观测资料估算非均匀下垫面地表特征参数和能量通量的可行方法进行了讨论与展望。

This paper reviewed the recent advance in the bulk transfer coefficients over the land, from its research course, computing methods and characteristics of space and time variations as well as relations with some surface factors and so on. On the basis of comprehensive understanding of its present situations, the authors dis- cussed some key scientific problems in this field. Firstly, some difficult problems required to be solved, such as the land surface parameters＇ calculation and observation over inhomogeneous land surface and development similarity theory which can be applicable to the inhomogeneous land surface. Secondly, studies of the bulk transfer coefficients over humid regions of China must be strengthened. Thirdly, whether or not understanding the land-atmosphere interaction process over inhomogeneous and complicated land surface in its entirety, the land surface parameters＇ expandedness form local to regional scope is a critical and difficult problem. Finally, the feasible method of using satellite remote sensing and field observation data to estimate the land surface parameters and flux densities over the inhomogeneous land surface was discussed.