对立系统理论及其实际应用

Theory of opposite system and its application

采用对比的研究方法,分析了语言中的几种对立现象:软辅音/硬辅音、清辅音/浊辅音、书写与同音异义现象等,得出"语言对立"是表达结构单位间在语言上存在的不同,这种不同与内容结构单位间的不同是一致的。在中国俄语教学中运用对立系统理论能够避免教师的主观主义的做法,也有利于中国学生顺利掌握俄语。

The paper analyzes several opposition phenomena in Russian language, such as soft consonants versus hard consonants, voiceless consonants versus voiced consonants, words with same spellings and pronunciations but with different meanings, etc. ,and draws a conclusion that the opposites in language exist to express the differences of structural units in language,which is in an agreement with the differ ence in the meanings of the units. The successful application of the theory of opposites system in the teaching of Russia in China can prevent teachers from teaching the language in a subjective way,and facilitate the students＇ learning of the Russian language.