杂交粳稻同质恢复系选育方法研究

Studies on Breeding Methods of Iso-cytoplasmic Restorer Lines in Japonica Hybrid Rice

借鉴杂交玉米二环系选育的理论与方法进行杂交粳稻同质恢复系选育方法研究,以4个不育系泗稻8号A、57A、67A、69A和3个恢复系LH422、C418、R89为材料,比较了单交(不育系/恢复系)、双交(不育系1/恢复系1∥不育系2/恢复系2)、三交(不育系/恢复系1∥恢复系2)、对照(CK,恢复系1/恢复系2)4种组配方式选育恢复系的效率,分析了基础群体与育成的同质恢复系的配合力的关系,结果表明,单交方式选育同质恢复系的效率较高,容易育成优良恢复系;选用高产的单交组合作为同质恢复系选育的基础群体,容易育成配合力优良的同质恢复系;基础群体中恢复系的一般配合力对育成的同质恢复系的产量及其测交F1产量的贡献较大。

Using the breeding method of second cycle fines in maize for reference, the breeding methods of iso-cytoplasmic restorer lines of japonica hybrid rice were studied. In order to investigate breeding efficiency of different crossing ways, 12 single crosses were made from 4 cytoplasmic male sterile （CMS） lines （Sidao 8A, 57A, 67A and 69A） and 3 restorer lines （LH422, C418 and R89）, and 4 single crosses （57A/C418, 57A/LH422, 67A/ R89 and Sidao 8A/C418） were chosen to develop 6 double crosses between 4 single crosses each other and 8 threeway crosses between 4 single crosses and 3 restorer lines, and 3 common R/R＇ crosses between 3 restorer lines were made as the controls. The results showed that the single crossing way had the best breeding efficiency in terms of the frequency of elite restorer lines developed from 4 crossing ways. It was easier to develop elite iso-cytoplasmic restorer lines from the basic populations with higher yield of the single crossing way. The higher general combining ability of restorer lines of the basic populations had a greater effect on increasing the yield of both iso-cytoplasmic restorer lines and their F1 hybrids.