西瓜的力学特性及其有限元分析

Mechanics characteristics and finite element analysis of watermelon

西瓜的力学特性对减少西瓜贮运损失和设计相关机具等具有重要意义。通过对西瓜进行压缩试验,分析不同加载方式下西瓜的受载特点,获得了西瓜瓜梗垂直和水平受压的弹性模量分别为9.45×105Pa和8.50×105Pa。运用有限元法建立西瓜的压缩力学模型,比较西瓜水平受压的试验值和仿真值,二者最大差异是10%;研究西瓜瓜梗垂直和水平受压的承载特性,验证了仿真数值解的可行性。结果表明:在相同压力作用下,西瓜瓜梗垂直放置时,其受压的应力和应变都小于水平受压的情况。研究结果可为西瓜的贮藏、运输和加工等提供了理论依据。

The mechanics characteristic of watermelon is important to decrease loss during storage and transportation and it is also important to design related machinery. Based on the compressing experiment on the ripe watermelon, the compressing characteristics of watermelon were analyzed in different loaded ways. Furthermore, the elastic modulus of watermelon acquired were 9.45 × 10^5 Pa and 8.50×10^5 Pa corresponding to vertical and horizontal compression. Mechanical model of compressing watermelon was established by the f＇mite element method, and the horizontal compression experiment results and finite element solutions of watermelon were compared, which shows that the maximal difference between them is 10%. At last, the characteristics of carrying compressing capacity in vertical and horizontal compression of watermelon were studied, and the simulation numerical solution was confirmed by comparing with the experiment data. It can be concluded that strain and stress while watermelon stem placed vertically are less than that horizontally under the same pressure. The study can provide the theoretical basis for storing, transporting processing of watermelon and so on.