鼻声反射在学龄前儿童鼻腔容积测定中的应用

Application of acoustic rhinometry in assessment of preschool children nasal cavity volume

目的:使用鼻声反射技术检测学龄前儿童鼻腔容积,提出检测方法、结果分析方法以及相关正常参考值。方法:①在最小横截面积相同但容积不同的模拟鼻腔,通过鼻声反射仪和通气阻力检测仪测量管腔容积和通气阻力,比较最小横截面积和管腔容积在反映通气阻力变化时的敏感性。②使用鼻声反射仪测量97例4岁儿童和137例5岁儿童的鼻腔容积。结果:①在模拟鼻腔最小横截面积不变的情况下,通气阻力随鼻腔容积增加而减小。②学龄前儿童平均双侧鼻腔容积为(2.03±0.4)ml。不同年龄和不同性别学龄前儿童鼻腔容积差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论:分析鼻声反射检测结果时,鼻腔容积变化比最小横截面积更能反映鼻腔通气阻力变化。本次研究提出鼻声反射检测结果评估方法和学龄前儿童鼻腔容积正常参考值。

Objective：Acoustic rhinometry （AR） was performed to standardize the measurement techniques, result interpretation and reference values of nasal cavity volume （NV） in preschool children. Method：（1）Nasal cavi ty models were used to test the correlations between NV, minimal cross-sectional area （MCA）, and nasal resis- tance. （2）There were 97 four-year-old and 137 five-year-old children undergowent AR test. Result： （1）Model tests showed that resista the nce were better correlated with the change of volume than the MCA. （2）The average bilat- eral NV in preschool children was （2.03±0.4）ml. No significant gender and age difference were observed （P〉 0.05）. Concluslon：Volume measurement appears more sensitive and reliable than the MCA in assessing nasal pa tency. The AR result interpretation and normative NV values in preschool children are introduced.