运动训练在缺血性脑梗死大鼠神经干细胞移植治疗中的作用

The role of treadmill training in rats of ischemic stroke in the treatment of neural stem cells transplantation

目的探讨运动训练对缺血性脑梗死大鼠神经干细胞移植后神经功能和缺血脑区超微结构的影响。方法建立Sprague-Dawley大鼠大脑中动脉缺血／再灌注模型，随机分为脑缺血对照组（对照组）、电动跑台训练组（运动组）、神经干细胞移植组（移植组）、神经干细胞移植联合运动训练组（联合组），每组6或10只。术后第5天将超顺磁氧化铁（SPIO）标记的神经干细胞移植到缺血侧纹状体区。术后第6天开始，运动组和联合组大鼠给予定量的电动跑台运动训练，运动训练期间对4组大鼠进行定期的神经功能评估。运动4周后处死大鼠，透射电镜观察SPIO标记的神经干细胞在宿主脑内存活迁徙以及宿主脑区超微结构变化情况。结果与对照组比较，运动训练2周后运动组和联合组的神经功能评分，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05或0．01），移植组差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。联合组可见SPIO标记的神经干细胞密度较大，迁徙也相对广泛，宿主缺血脑区超微结构优于其他各组。结论运动训练可以促进神经干细胞移植对脑梗死大鼠的治疗作用，但其具体的机制还有待进一步研究。

Objective To study the influence of treadmill training after neural stem cells transplantation on the neural function and cerebral uhrastructure of rats with focal cerebral isehemia. Methods The Sprague-Dawley rats with successful middle cerebral artery ischemia-reperfusion were used as subjects. The subjects are divided into a control group （ subject to experimental ischemia only） and a treatment group （ subject to isehemia and treadmill training, neural stem cells transplantation, and neural stem cells transplantation combined with treadmill training, respectively） , each with 6 or 10 animals. Five days after operation, neural stem cells marked with superparamagnetic iron oxide （SPIO） were transplanted into ischemic striatum, and electric treadmill training was administered 6 days after operation. For all groups during 4 weeks of training, assessment of motor function were performed regularly. Four weeks after training, all the rats were sacrificed and SPIO marked neural stem cells were observed in terms of their survival and migration in the brain. Host uhrastructural changes were aslo observed. Results Compared with the control group, there was significant improvvement in treadmill training group and combined group in terms of neurologic function （P 〈0.05, P 〈0.01 ） as reflected by the mNSS scores atl4 days after the training, while no significant improvement of mNSS score was observed in stem cells transplantation group （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. In the combined group, the SPIO marked neural stem cells distributed in greater density and spread more extensively in the brain, and the cerebral uhrastructure were also better than other groups. Conclusion Treadmill training combined with neural stem cell transplantation is of potential benefit in the treatment of rats with cerebral infarction, but the underlying mechanism deserves further studies.