南朝至唐道教对名山风景的探索与构建——“洞天福地”的自然生态模型理论

Taoism Exploration and Construction on Mountains Scenery from Nan Dynasty to Tang Dynasty:Natural Ecosystem Model of "Wonderful Landscape"

以陆修静、陶弘景为代表的南朝道士进行的探险寻山活动,为道教徒找到了人与自然合一的理想修炼情境——人间仙境,促进了中国名山风景的开发与建设;唐代以司马承桢、杜光庭为代表的道教领袖,在皇帝的支持下,完成了道教"洞天福地"的评定与规范,建构了中国风景名山的系统框架。他们四人不仅是中国道教史上的关键人物,也对中国名山风景系统框架的形成与建构,起了至关重要的作用。

In Nan Dynasty, many Taoists such as Lu Xiujing and Tao Hongjing carried mountain explorations, and found ideal places for Taoists to do religious practices, which were called Fairyland in the world. These activities promoted exploitation and construction of Chinese mountains scenery. In Tang Dynasty, under the support of emperors, Leader Taoists such as Sima Chengzhen and Du Guangting accomplished the standardization and evaluation for ＂Wonderful Landscape＂, which set up systemic frame for Chinese mountains scenery. They were not only the key persons in the history of Taoism, but also played important part in the foundation of systemic frame for Chinese mountains scenery.