大麦籽粒蛋白质及其组分含量的遗传研究

The Research of Genetic Parameters of the Content Protein and Its Fractions of Barley Grains

用７个蛋白质含量不同的品种，以不完全双列杂交的交配模式配成１２个Ｆ１，对大麦籽粒蛋白质及其四种组分含量这五个性状的遗传参数进行了研究。结果表明，醇溶蛋白含量主要由加性效应控制，蛋白质和谷蛋白含量主要由非加性效应控制；球蛋白和清蛋白含量是由加性和非加性效应共同控制的，但对不同的性状，二者所起的作用是不等的。各性状的遗传力差异较大，广义、狭义遗传力的变幅分别为５７．４２％～９６．３６％和１７．２４％～６７．２６％。对于以加性效应为主的性状，可以利用双亲的一般配合力总效应来预测Ｆ１的表现，其可靠程度与一般配合力方差占遗传方差的百分率密切相关（ｒｓ＝０．９２４６＊＊）。５个性状间遗传相关均不显著，因此，间接选择是不可靠的。此外，还对遗传进度的估算方法进行了讨论。

The genetic parameters of the content(%) protein and its fractions of barley grains were studied by the experiment of the quantitative inheritance analysis of diallel cross of seven cultivars with different protein content.The result shows that:hordein content is mainly controlled by additive effect while globulin content,albumin content are controlled by additive and nonadditive effect.The broad and narrow sense heritabilities of 5 characters have big difference.The F 1 display of the character mainly controlled by additive effect can be predicted by the total GCA effect of its parents.Because the genetic correlations among 5 characters have no great difference,the indirect selection among 5 characters is unreliable.The estimating method of the genetic progess was also discussed.