《西厢记》的接受学审视与观照

A Study of the Aesthetic Reception of The Romance of West Chamber

《西厢记》的接受者就是戏曲的观众和读者,我们将其分为三个层次:底层民众、文人学士、统治阶层,分别分析其接受心理。从底层民众对《西厢记》的接受看,与三个因素有关:戏曲的主题暗合了接受者渴望自择佳偶的普遍心理;在红娘的身上,他们看到了自己的影子,感到了自我被肯定的愉悦;极富生活气息的喜剧表演风格为观众欣赏和喜爱。文人学士的接受心理为:文人对自由浪漫的生活方式的认同与向往,戏曲优美典雅的语言为他们激赏。统治阶层对《西厢记》的接受与以下内容有关:作品不反对封建制度与皇权,认同封建伦理道德。

The readers of The Romance of West Chamber and also the interpreters of the play. They can be classified into three groups： the lower class, the scholars and literates, and the upper class. This paper intends to make an analysis of the receptive psychology of these readers in terms of their interpretation of The Romance of West Chamber. Three factors are found to be related to the reception of the play as far as a lower class audience is concerned： the satisfaction of his desire for independence in marriage which corresponds to the theme of the play; the characterization of Hongniang that brings him pleasure in self--assurance; the enjoyment and appreciation obtained from the lively and comic performance of the actors. It is common among the men of letters that life of liberty and romance is longed for, and that re- fined language of drama is highly appreciated. The ruling class caters to the following things in The Romance of West chamber, lack of revolt against feudalist social system and royal power, as well as approval of feudal moral principles and ethics.