老年人低钾血症原因分析及治疗对策

The etiological factor analysis and treatment of 98 hypokalemia cases in old people

目的探讨引起低钾血症的不同病因及治疗措施。方法回顾性分析98例老年人低钾血症患者的临床和生化资料。结果引起低钾的病因主要为高血压（32．7％）、心力衰竭（26．5％）、糖尿病（12．2％）、甲状腺功能亢进症（10．2％）、消化系统疾病（10．2％）、重症感染（4．1％）、口腔疾患（2．0％），其他（2．0％）。对策以治疗原发病和口服或静脉补钾为主。结论老年低钾血症应重视其病因的治疗，并适量补钾。

Objective To analyze various etiological factors and treatment of hypokalemia in old people. Methods Clinical and chemical data of 98 hypokalemia cases were retrospectively analyzed. Results The main reasons leading to hypokalemia were hypertension （ 32.7% ）, heart failure （ 26.5% ）, diabetes （ 12.2% ）, hyperthyroidism（ 10.2% ） ,disease of digestive system（ 10.2% ） ,severe infection（4.1% ） ,oral disease（2.0%） and other diseases（2.0% ）. The treatment strategy focused on primary disease and oral or venous potassium. Conclusion Much emphasis should be put on analyzing the possible causes of hypokalemia in addition to rectifying the lack of potassium.