稻麦轮作农田生态系统服务功能价值评估

Evaluation of ecological service value of rice-wheat rotation ecosystem

采用市场价值法、替代工程法和影子价格法,对江苏省典型的种植模式——稻麦轮作农田生态系统的包括农产品生产、大气调节、涵养水分和蓄积洪水、营养物质循环以及保持土壤等主要的生态服务功能价值进行评估分析。结果表明,当前单位面积稻麦轮作农田生态系统服务功能所提供的年平均价值为45 998.08元·hm-2·a-1,其中对环境的调节功能价值为26 458.86元·hm-2·a-1,是直接服务功能农产品生产价值的1.35倍。稻麦农田生态系统每投入1元成本,将会产生3.58元的环境效益。在稻麦轮作农田生态系统环境调节功能中,对大气的调节功能占主体,占总环境调节功能价值的62.20%。政府部门在进行土地利用决策时,应将农田生态系统的环境调节功能重点加以考虑。

The value of ecological service function（including crop production,atmosphere regulation,water storage,nutrient cycle and soil conservation） of agro-ecosystems under typical rice-wheat rotation in Jiangsu Province was comprehensively evaluated using three evaluation methods（market value,replacement valuation and shadow price）.Results show that rice-wheat rotation ecosystem provides an average overall service value of 45 998.08 yuan·hm^-2·a^-1,in which environment regulation function value is 26 458.86 yuan·hm^-2·a^-1;1.35 times that of direct service value of crop production.That means 1.00 yuan cost of rice-wheat rotation ecosystem provides an environmental benefit value of 3.58 yuan.Air regulation being the dominant constraint accounts for 62.20% environment regulation service value.The study reveals the significance of non-marketed ecological service of rice-wheat rotation agro-ecosystem,and that government should pay much attention on environment regulation function of agro-ecosystems in making decisions on land utilization.