面孔识别异族效应的研究

Studies on the Other-race Effect in Face Recognition

异族效应是面孔识别过程中一种非常稳定的现象,表现为对本族面孔的识别与再认成绩显著高于异族面孔。脑成像研究也证实了这两类面孔在神经表征上的差异。关于该效应主要有知觉经验说与社会分类说两种理论解释,但围绕着其心理机制仍然存在着很多争议。未来的研究需要考虑族群认同等社会-人格因素对于异族效应的影响,并注意考察本族面孔与异族面孔在提取阶段可能存在的神经活动的差异。

The other-race effect is a facial recognition phenomenon in which individuals show superior performance in identifying faces of their own race when compared with the memory of faces of less familiar race. Perceptual expertise hypothesis and social categorization hypothesis are two main theories on its mechanism. It is proposed that future studies may need to examine the impact of racial identification on the other-race effect and the neural difference in retrieving different face-of-races.