可聚合阴离子表面活性剂微乳液聚合制备多孔高分子材料

Preparation of Bicontinuous Porous Polymeric Materials via Microemulsion Polymerization

利用易于合成的马来酸单十二醇酯钠盐为可聚合表面活性剂,以甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯为助表面活性剂,研究了甲基丙烯酸甲酯的微乳液聚合,制得了具有连续孔结构(即开孔结构)的高分子材料,孔的尺寸为100 nm至数微米,材料呈半透明至白色不透明状。用场发射扫描电镜对材料的微观结构进行表征;考察了表面活性剂浓度以及表面活性剂水溶液(水相)的含量对材料结构的影响。

An anionic polymerizable surfactant, sodium salt of maleic acid dodecyl ester （Na-MAD） was synthesized. Translucent porous polymeric materials were then prepared via thermally initiated microemulsion polymerization with methyl methyacrylate （MMA） as a monomer, Na-MAD as the surfactant and 2-hydroxyethyl methyacrylate （HEMA） as a co-surfactant. The ternary phase diagram and conductivity of the mixture of MMA, HEMA and the aqueous solution of Na-MAD were deter mined. The morphology of the porous materials was characterized with field emission scanning electron microscopy. The polymeric materials exhibit a pore size of about 100 nm to several micrometers and a bicontinuous porous structure. The phase domains exhibit a worm-like morphology. This indicates that the surfactant is applicable to stabilize microemulsion polymerizations in preparing porous materials. It is also found that both the concentration of surfactant and the amount of surfactant solution have significant influences on the pore size and morphology of the porous materials.