福建武夷山野生早樱群落优势种群种间竞争

Interspecies competition among dominant populations of Cerasus subhirtella var.ascendens community in Mount Wuyi of Fujian

为了更好地了解野生早樱Cerasus subhirtella var.ascendens群落优势种种间关系,保护和开发野生早樱这一珍贵木本观花植物,利用群落学研究方法,对福建武夷山野生早樱群落种进行了调查。在野生早樱、木荷Schima superba与青冈栎Cyclobalanoposis glauca为优势树种的群落中,以其优势度为环境容纳量,采用相对优势度求得群落内的种间竞争系数,并用Lotka-Volterra方程研究了该群落中优势树种种间竞争关系。结果表明:在现阶段以野生早樱为优势的群落,经过若干年的群落演替,平衡状态时,野生早樱、木荷与青冈栎的相对优势度分别为28.65%,62.17%和9.18%,表明未来的野生早樱群落仍将由野生早樱、木荷和青冈栎等3种植物共优组成,但木荷将取代野生早樱的优势地位,成为绝对优势种群支配整个群落。建议适度的干扰和开辟林窗,有利于野生早樱的繁衍。

In order to better understand the interspecific relationships of dominant tree species in Cerasus subhirtella var. ascendens community and better protect and develop this precious ornamental plant, the research methods of phytocoenology are utilized to study its community in Mount Wuyi, Fujian Province. In the community, the dominant populations are Cerasus subhirtella var. ascendens, Schima superba and Cyclobalanopsis glauca. Taking the dominance as the environmental carrying capacity, calculating the interspecies competition coefficient by percentage of relative dominance values, the interspecies competition among them was studied, and the Lotka-Volterra equation was also used to discussed the competition rela-tionship in the paper. The results showed that after several years＇ community succession, the relative dominance of Cerasus subhirtella var. ascendens, Schima superba and Cyclobalanopsis glauca would be 28.65%, 62.17% and 9.18% respectively, which indicated that Cerasus subhirtella var. ascendens, Schima superba and Cyclobalanopsis glauca should be the dominant population in this community in the future. But Schima superba would replace the Cerasus subhirtella vat. ascendens as the dominant population and control the whole community. It was suggested that moderate disturbance and artificial forest gaps be beneficial to the reproduction of Cerasus subhirtella var. ascendens. [Ch, 4 tab. 18 ref.]