喜树碱生物合成途径及其相关酶研究现状及展望

Camptothecin:a biosynthetic pathway with associated enzymes and genes

喜树碱是从喜树Camptotheca acuminata中发现的单萜类吲哚生物碱,已经成为继紫杉醇之后广泛使用的植物性抗癌药,具有非常广阔的市场前景。研究喜树碱的生物合成途径,对于了解喜树碱的合成机制,提高次生代谢工程喜树碱的产量,解决目前资源紧缺造成的供求矛盾等问题均具有重要的意义。在查阅、综合文献的基础上,将喜树碱生物合成途径以异胡豆苷为分界线,分为上游途径和下游途径;并对各种中间产物合成、关键酶和关键基因等作了详细的阐述。在此基础上,提出了调控喜树碱合成的可能方法,并提出了喜树碱合成研究未来的研究重点。

Camptothecin is a monoterpene indole alkaloid found in Camptotheca acuminata, which is native to China. After the discovery taxol as an anti-cancer agent, C. acuminata became a favored plant-based an ti-cancer medicine with exceptional market prospects. Due to a lack of Camptotheca trees and the high demand of camptothecin, metabolic engineering has been employed to improve camptothecin yield. Thus, the biosynthetic pathway of camptothecin is being studied. Based on the literature, the camptothecin biosynthetic pathway can be divided into upper and lower pathways with strictosidine as the dividing line. In this paper the biosyntheses of many intermediate products in the pathway, including related enzymes and genes, are discussed in detail. Possible methods for regulating camptothecin biosynthesis along with key issues for future studies are also mentioned. [Ch, 3 fig. 1 tab. 29 ref.]