兴化湾野生水产苗种资源开发现状及管理对策

The Utilization Status and Management Countermeasures of Wild Fisheries Seedling Resources in Xinghua Bay

本文根据2006年12月至2008年9月在兴化湾开展水产苗种资源调查的数据资料,着重分析研究了湾内野生水产苗种资源的开发程度、致危因素、存在问题及管理对策。结果表明:在兴化湾现有生产性开发利用的8种水产苗种中,过度开发利用已造成日本鳗鲡、黄鳍鲷、灰鳍鲷、花鲈等4种鱼类苗种资源出现严重衰退;大弹涂鱼、锯缘青蟹和三疣梭子蟹等3种苗种资源已得到较为充分利用;湾内水产苗种的捕捞方式有多种多样,但以张网作业对经济幼鱼幼体苗种的损害最为严重;缢蛏苗种场局部区域生态环境受到严重污染,苗种适宜的生存空间已大为缩小。文中最后提出削减捕捞强度、改进捕捞方式、继续实施亲贝增养殖补贴政策、治理海域环境污染等管理对策。

According to the investigation data of wild fisheries seedling resources in Xinghua bay during December in 2006 to September in 2008, this paper main analyzed utilization degree, causing in imminent danger factor, existent problem and management countermeasures of wild fisheries seedling in the bay. The result showed the 4 seedling resources of Anguilla japonica., Sparus latus, Sparus berda and Lateolabrax japonicus were serious declined by excessive utilization, the 3 seedling resources of Boleophthalmus pectinirosris, Scylla serrata and Portunus trituberculatus were adequately utilized, the fishing methods of fisheries seedling were various, but the damage was most serious for seedling by using swing net, the environment of part seedling ground of Sinonovacula constricta was polluted badly, the existent space was reduced dramatically. At last, this paper put forward the management countermeasures of reducing fishing effort, improving fishing method, continuing to implement the subsidy policy of mother shellfish enhancement and treating marine pollution.