坝上地区沙棘林枯落物层和土壤层的水文效应

Hydrological Effects of Forest Litter Layer and Soil Layer of Sea-buckthorn Plantation in Bashang Area

通过以坝上高原典型区域尚义县的沙棘林地为研究对象,从林地枯落物蓄积量和持水能力,土壤物理性状、土壤蓄水量和土壤入渗性能等方面,对沙棘林枯落物与土壤的水文效应进行了研究。结果表明:沙棘林地枯落物的蓄积量为1.50×103kg/hm2,枯落物有效拦蓄量达到3.86×103kg/hm2,有效拦蓄深为0.39mm。与裸沙地相比,沙棘林下与林间0～40cm土层内的平均容重降低13.87%和4.05%,而总孔隙度较裸沙地增大13.95%和2.37%;沙棘林可增加土壤的有效持水量和饱和持水量,其林下与林间0～40cm土层内的有效持水量为裸沙地同层次的有效持水量的3.73倍和2.28倍。沙棘林间和林下的土壤初渗速率和稳渗速率分别是裸沙地的1.79倍、1.34倍和1.67倍、1.29倍。说明沙棘林能够较好地改善该地区的土壤结构,具有良好的水文生态功能。

A The litter layer and soil layer hydrological effects of sea-buckthorn plantation from material accumulation and water-holding capacity of litter layer, soil physical characteristics, soil water storage and soil infiltration were made. The results showed that： the dry material accumula- tion of litter layer was 1.50× 10^3 kg/hm2, the modified interception amount was 3. 86 × 10^3 kg/hm2, the effective interception depth 0.39mm In comparison with bare sandy land, soil average bulk density under and between sea-buckthorn plantation decreased respectively 13.87% and 4.05% in the 0-40 cm soil layer, and soil total porosity increased 13.95%和 2.37% respectively. Sea-huckthorn plantation could increased soil effective water-holding capacity and saturated water content; soil effective water-holding capacity under and between sea-buckthorn plantation was 3.73 times and 2. 28 times to that of bare sandy land in the 0-40 cm soil layer. The initial infiltration rate and final infiltration rate under and between sea-buckthorn plantation were 1.79 times, 1.34 times, 1.67 times and 1.29 times more than that of bare sandy land. Sea-buckthorn plantation could improve soil structure and form good soil hydrology characteristics in Bashang plateau region of Hebei Province.