兔脾脏包膜下血肿演变的实验研究

Subcapsular splenic hematoma gradual progress:an experiment trail in rabbits

目的通过对兔脾脏包膜下血肿形成的模型,观察脾脏包膜下血肿的演变及发展过程。方法建立兔脾脏包膜下血肿模型的制作,于模型制作前、后以及术后不同时期测量脾脏三径(长、宽、厚)。切除的脾脏进行病理学观察,HE染色观察血肿的病理变化。结果术后脾脏的厚度增加最为明显,于第4周增至最大,而长度在第4周已不再增大,第6周脾脏接近于正常大小,组织病理学提示于第3周时脾血肿内出现纤维组织,第6周血肿完全被纤维组织代替。结论外伤性脾脏包膜下血肿因血肿内第3周才出现纤维组织,早期活动可能会引起脾脏包膜下血肿的破裂。

Objective To observe the evolvement and progress of subcapsular splenic hematoma according as the model of subcapsular splenic hematoma in rabbits. Methods The models of subcapsular splenic hematoma in the rabbits were designed and made under anesthesia. Three dimensions （length, width, thickness） were measured before model made, as model completed, in various periods after model completed. Pathological of the spleen, which were cut after last measure, were studied. HE stain of hematoma was used to observe pathological change. Results All three dimensions of spleen enhanced after model of hematoma, but thickness of spleen, the most obvious. The thickness of spleen enhanced to peak in 4 weeks after operation and rehabilitated to normal size at sixth week. Fibration in the hematoma appeared at third week after operation. Hematoma of spleen was replaced completely by fibration at sixth week. Conclusion Fibration appears in subcapsular splenic hematoma caused by trauma during third week. Movement in early stage after trauma with subcapsular splenic hematoma is dangerous, which can cause hematoma ruptured.