毕奥对中国天象记录的研究及其对西方天文学的贡献

FRENCH SINOLOGIST EDOUARD-CONSTANT BIOT'STUDY ONANCIENT CHINESE ASTRONOMICAL RECORDS AND HISCONTRIBUTIONS TO WESTERN ASTRONOMY

该文简述了１９世纪法国汉学家毕奥（Ｅｄｏｕａｒｄ－ＣｏｎｓｔａｎｔＢｉｏｔ，１８０３－１８５０）的生平，详细考证了他对中国古代天象记录（彗星、客星、流星）的翻译与介绍，所依据的中文文献，与当时汉学和天文学研究的关系，并以毕奥对中国古代流星研究为例，探讨中国古代天象记录对西方天文学的贡献。

This paper describes very briefly the life of the French engineer and Sinologist Edouard-Constant Biot ( 1803-1850 ) . At that time many French Sinologists such as A. Remusat and S. Julian were interested in the study and translation of Chinese texts. Mean- while , lots of astronomers including P . -S. Laplace were also quite interested in astronomical records of ancient China. That is why Biot studied the Chinese astronomical records. By com- paring his articles on ancient Chinese astronomical records with the Chinese sources , the au- thors point out that most of his study and translation about comets , novae and meteors are based on the Wenxian Tongkao of Ma Duanlin , the Song Shi(History of the Song Dynasty ) , the Yuan Shi (History of the Yuan Dynasty )and the Ming Shi (History of the Ming Dynasty ) . As a case study , the paper also analyses the influence of Biot' s catalogue of meteors in ancient China on Western meteor astronomy.