新疆野苹果传粉生物学的初步研究

Primary Study on Pollination Biology of Malus sieversii (Ledeb.) Roem.

对野生苹果在新疆伊犁地区的开花物候、花粉活力、柱头可授性、繁育系统和访花昆虫及访花行为进行了观察。结果表明：在整个开花过程中，从花序出现到花朵凋谢，历时较长，可达30d以上；不同海拔，开花期相差4～14d；一个居群的花期达30d左右；通过对花粉活力的测定结果分析表明，花粉的活力较高，花粉平均活力达64％；用两种方法测定柱头可授性所得的结果具有一定的差距，但差异不显著；在整个花期中，昆虫的访花行为与天气密切相关。

The phenology,pollen ability,stigma reception,inbreeding system and the behavor of floral visitors of Malus sieversii（Ledeb. ）Roem were observed. The main results were as follow：In the whole anthesis, its inflorence lasts more than 30 days from the bud to flowering; As the different attitude, the anthesis varied among 4--14days;The determination of pollen ability suggested that pollen ability is high and the average vigor of pollen is up to 64 %;The result obtained from the determination of stigma receptivity with two methods was different, but not significant. In process of whole anthesis,there are close relationship between the climate and the behavor of the floral visitor.