沈阳市热岛动态及其影响因子分析

Dynamics of Shenyang urban heat island and its controlling factors

对沈阳市1960-2006年的热岛效应及其驱动机制分析表明:沈阳市热岛强度表现为春季最大,夏、冬季次之,秋季最小。春、夏、秋、冬季热岛强度的年均值分别为1.0℃,0.8℃,0.6℃和0.7℃,其热岛强度增幅分别为0.23℃/10 a、0.33℃/10 a、0.30℃/10 a和0.23℃/10 a。沈阳市热岛强度的年均值达0.84℃,增幅为0.27℃/10 a。驱动沈阳市热岛强度的主要因素为城市人口数量(相关系数r=0.88)和城市绿地覆盖率。当城市绿地覆盖率超过30%时,城市热岛强度与城市绿地面积呈负相关,相关系数r=-0.74。

Based on average air temperatue data from 1960 to 2006 in Shenyang, Kangping, Xinmin, Faku and Liaozhong stations, the seasonal and annual variations of urban heat island effect were analyzed. And the relationships between urban population, urban green space and urban heat island were discussed. The results indicate that the largest urban heat island intensity appears in spring, followed in summer and winter, and the smallest one is in autumn. The urban heat island intensity in spring, summer, autumn and winter are 0.99 ℃, 0.77 ℃, 0.62 ℃ and 0.74 ℃, and the tendency rates are 0.23 ℃/10 a, 0.33 ℃/10 a, 0.30 ℃/10 a and 0.23 ℃/10 a, respectively. The annual variation is the increasing tendency with 0.27 ℃/10 a. And the annual average is 0.84 ℃. The relationship between urban heat island and urban population is positive and the correlation coefficient r is 0.88. When the coverage rate is more than 30%, the urban green space with urban heat island intensity is negative and the correlation coefficient r is 0.74.