剖宫产病人术后早期进固体饮食对产后恢复的影响

Influence of early eating solid diet for postoperative patients after cesarean section on their puerperal recovery

[目的]研究剖宫产病人术后首次即恢复固体饮食的安全性和临床意义。[方法]以327例剖宫产术后初产妇作为研究对象,随机分为术后固体饮食组和传统饮食对照组,比较两组术前、术中的临床情况(孕周、手术指征、手术情况、术后镇痛)及术后首次进食接受情况、肠鸣音恢复时间、正常饮食恢复时间、肛门排气时间、泌乳时间及肠梗阻有关症状、术后病率、切口裂开、吸入性肺炎的发生率。[结果]固体饮食组正常饮食恢复时间、泌乳时间均较传统饮食组早(P<0.01),两组首次进食接受情况、肠鸣音恢复时间、肛门排气时间及肠梗阻相关症状、术后病率、切口裂开的发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组均无吸入性肺炎发生。[结论]剖宫产术后首次即恢复固体饮食安全有效,建议剖宫产术后6 h开始向病人提供固体饮食。

Objective： To study the safety and clinical significance of a solid diet as the first postoperative meal of cesarean section patients. Methods： A total of 327 primipara after undergoing cesarean section were selected and were randomly divided into postoperative solid diet group and traditional diet control group. Then indexes including clinical state （gestational weeks, op- erative indications, operative condition, postoperative analgesia）, accepting of the first eating, recovery time of bowel sound, recovery time of normal diet, air- out time by anus, lactating time, and related symptoms of intestinal obstruction, postoperative sickness rate, incidence of disruption of wound and aspiration pneumonia between both groups before and during operation were compared. Results： Recovery time of normal diet and lactating time of solid diet group were earlier than that of traditional diet group （P〈0.01）. There were no statistical significant differences in terms of accepting of the first eating, recovery time of bowel sound, recovery time of normal diet, air--out time by anus, and related symptoms of intestinal obstruction, postoperative sickness rate and incidence of disruption of wound between the two groups （P〉0.05）. No aspiration pneumonia had occurred in both groups. Conclusion： Solid diet as the first meal for postoperative patients after undergoing cesarean section is safe and effective. And it suggests that solid diet for post- operative patients after undergoing cesarean section within 6 hours as the first meal should be provided.