中国工程教育全球战略研究

On the Global Strategies of China's Higher Engineering Education

本文比较分析了世界两大工程教育体系,即《华盛顿协议》工程教育体系和欧洲大陆工程教育体系在工程类学位设置、工程师培养标准和注册工程师条件三个方面的异同,分析了中国工程教育的内部和外部环境,认为中国工程教育已经面临本国制造业的全球化和国际工程教育全球化的双重挑战。为此,本文提出,中国工程教育的全球战略应该采取一种全新的战略——"包融"战略,其含义是:构建中国模式,"包融"世界体系,加入全球互认。"包融"战略的战略目标是为中国工业化奠定坚实的人力资源优势,战略任务是建立中国工程教育双目标体系、两段式人才培养模式、金字塔型人才培养结构、校内和校外两个工程师培养体系、国内和国际两个工程师培养渠道、加入世界两大工程教育互认体系。战略措施是建立并完善三个系统,一是培养目标系统,包括工程学位目录和工程师学位目录;二是质量保障系统,包括国家和地方政府保障系统、大学保障系统、行业和企业保障系统;三是质量监督系统,包括行业的工程教育专业认证、教育行政部门的专业评估、大学生质量投诉制度。本文还从价值分析、利益分析、制度分析、可行性分析四个角度对中国工程教育的全球战略进行了简略分析。

This paper begins with a comparison between the engineering education system of Washington Accord and that of the European Continent. It then analyses the differences between the two systems in the establishments of engineering degree, the standards of engineer cultivation and the criteria for a registered engineer. From these three perspectives, the author analyses the external and internal environments of China＇ s engineering education, with the conclusion that China has been facing dual challenges from beth the globalization of the national manufacturing and the international engineering education. For this mason, the author puts forward a brand-new global strategy for China＇s engineering education, named fusion strategy, which means to construct the Chinese mode, involve different international systems and join in the global mutual recognition. Then, the author proposes the objectives, missions and measures of this new strategy in higher engineering education. In the end, the author makes a brief analysis on global strategies for China＇s engineering education from four perspectives of value, interest, institution and feasibility.