湖沼垸内型血吸虫病流行区外来非疫区流动人口健康教育干预

Effect of Health Education on Transient Population from Schistosomiasis Free Area

目的了解和掌握外来非疫区流动人员在湖沼垸内型高度流行区血吸虫病感染情况和对相关知识态度及其影响因素,以便为制定和采取针对性防制对策和措施提供科学依据。方法对外来非疫区务工人员进行问卷调查和血清免疫学检查;采取大众媒介结合人际传播技能培训方式,向目标人群开展血防知识宣教和对象治疗与扩大化疗等措施干预2年后,再次采用干预前问卷调查和病情调查相同的方法进行效果评价。结果血防健康教育干预后,目标人群的血防知识知晓率、卫生行为正确率和查治病依从率分别上升了166.96%、83.21%和106.90%,血吸虫阳性率下降80.67%。结论外来非疫区务工人员是血吸虫病高度流行区的易感人群。健康教育干预,有利于目标人群提高对血吸虫病防病知识和自我保健意识,有利于查治病依从性和主动性的提高,有利于流行区控制传播和防治成果的巩固。

Objective To understand the infection situation, knowledge and attitude to schistosomiasis, and influence factors of infection of transient population from schistosomiasis free areas, so as to provide scientific basis for formulating pertinence control strategy and measures. Method Questionnaire and serological examination were made in transient population and health education to the target population was conducted through the public media and interpersonal training. Besides, patient treatment and mass chemotherapy were carried out. Two years later , the same questionnaire and case screen used before intervention was adopted to evaluate the effect. Result After the health education invention, knowledge awareness rate, right behavior rate and compliance rate of case screen and treatment increased 166. 96%, 83.21% and 106.90% respectively. Schistosomiasis infection rate of the target population decreased 80. 67%. Conclusion Transient population from schistosomiasis free area was susceptible population,health education is advantageous in spreading the knowledge about schistosomiasis and enhancing their self heath care consciousness, in increasing compliance to case screen and treatment, in control schistosomiasis and consolidating the control achievement.