放射职业人员个人受照剂量与淋巴细胞微核的相关性分析

Correlation Analysis on Irradiated Dosage and Lymphocyte Micronucleus Among Radiological Workers

目的分析放射职业人员个人受照剂量对外周血淋巴细胞微核的影响,为低剂量电离辐射生物效应的研究提供科学依据。方法连续3年对放射职业人员个人受照剂量进行监测,并检验淋巴细胞微核,分析两者相关规律。结果放射组职业人员淋巴细胞微核细胞率、微核阳性检出率均显著高于对照组。乡镇医院组、工矿企业组显著高于市属医院组、县区医院组。淋巴细胞微核细胞率、微核阳性检出率与放射工龄呈曲线正相关关系(r=0.962,0.957,P<0.01);与个人年受照剂量呈直线正相关(r=0.967,0.996,P<0.01);与个人累积受照剂量呈直线正相关(r=0.967,0.996,P<0.01)。结论低剂量电离辐射对放射工作人员细胞遗传学造成一定损伤,放射防护工作中必须重视减少电离辐射剂量。

Objective To explore relationship between low-level exposure to radiation and peripheral lymphocyte micronucleus（PLM） in the radiological workers, and to provide scientific basis for studying biological effect of low level ionizing radiation. Method The personal exposure levels were monitored by personal radiation exposure dosimeter for 598 radiological workers from hospitals and enterprises for 3 years, and the peripheral lymphocyte micronucleus were determined for assessment of exposure-response relationship. Result The rate of PLM and micronucleus Positive detection rate of radiological workers was significantly higher than that of control groups. And among radiological workers, the rate of PLM of workers from industrial detection departments and town-owned hospitals were higher than that of city-owned hospitals. The PLM rate and micronucleus positive detection rate revealed positive curvilinear correlation with exposure duration （ r = 0. 962, 0. 957, P 〈 0. 01 ） ,positive linear correlation with irradiated dosage （ r =0. 967,0. 996, P 〈0. 01 ） and positive linear correlation with accumulated irradiated dosage （ r = 0. 967, 0. 996, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusion Low-level exposure to radiation can induce genetic damage in the radiological workers, and more effective protections should be improved.