现代美国文官制度发展新趋势

New Developing Tendency of Modern American Civil Service System

美国现代文官制度在发展演变过程中日益呈现新的趋势:文官法规由繁文缛节到规制简化;行政意识由"官本位"转向"顾客至上",同时,联邦政府引入竞争机制;文官管理由集权到逐步放权;政府机构由大规模扩张到力求精简。

Modern American civil service shows new tendency during its development and improvement： The civil service laws and regulations changed from complex to simple ; the administrative consciousness changed from official - oriented to customer - oriented ; competitive mechanism was introduced into govemment; the management of civil servants changed front centralized power to decentralized power; the government tended to be reductive rather than extensive expansion.