全耦合活性污泥模型(FCASM3)Ⅰ:建模机理及数学表征

Fully coupled activated sludge model (FCASM3) Part 1:Mechanism and expression

在充分分析活性污泥系统中生物反应机理的基础上,建立了活性污泥系统生物去除营养物质的细观机理模型——全耦合活性污泥模型(Fully Coupled Activated Sludge Model No.3,简称FCASM3).FCASM3将系统中微生物划分为8类菌群,包含31种组分、72个子过程;该模型的主要特点是将活性污泥系统中的微生物进一步细化,充分考虑了系统中微生物间的相互作用.FCASM3引入了硝化-反硝化过程中的中间产物亚硝酸盐,实现了对两步硝化-反硝化过程的模拟;FCASM3不仅包含聚糖菌的有关生物反应过程,而且还考虑了聚磷菌(非反硝化聚磷菌和反硝化聚磷菌)以及聚糖菌的厌氧维持过程.为直接体现温度对生物反应的影响,FCASM3将温度作为一个变量直接耦合到生物反应速率方程中.

Based on full analysis of the biological reaction mechanism in an activated sludge system, a submicroscopic model of the mechanism of biological nutrient removal was established, and called Fully Coupled Activated Sludge Model No. 3 （FCASM3）. FCASM3 divides microorganisms into 8 different types, and also considers 31 components and 72 processes. The main feature of FCASM3 is that the types of microorganisms in the activated sludge system were firstly refined into 8 groups and their interactions were sufficiently considered. Nitrite, the intermediate product of nitrification denitrification, was introduced into FCASM3. This allows FCASM3 to model two-step nitrification denitrification. Furthermore, short-cut nitrification denitrification can also be modeled by controlling the concentration of oxygen. Not only were glycogen-accumulating organisms included in FCASM3, but also the anaerobic maintenance processes of glycogen-accumulating organisms and phosphorus-accumulating organisms were considered. Temperature was coupled into the rate equations as a variable, to directly represent its effect on the bioreactions.